Dynamometer.



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G. WESTINGHOUSE.

DYNAMOMETER.

' 'APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 30, 1907. 1,050, 1 86. Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

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1 i NEY IN FACT.

W1 YINESSES:

G. WESTINGHOUSE.

DYNAMOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30, 1907.

1,050,186. Patented Jan. '14, 1913.

4 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

TTORNEY IN FACT.

G. WESTINGHOUSE.

DYNAMOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30, 1907.

Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR. QQMAI ZW A iO RNEY 11v FACT.

WW NW WITNESSES:

G. WESTINGHOUSE.

DYNAMOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30, 1907.

1,050,186. Patented Jan.14,1913.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

WJTNE ES; INVENTOR.

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GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

' DYNAMOMETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

Application filed November 30, 1907. Serial No. 404,572.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Groner. WESTING- nocsa, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Dynamometers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to propellers and more particularly to a method'of ascertaining the efficiency of propellers as propelling or power transmitting agents and it also relates to the apparatusfor carrying out my method.

Briefly, my method of testing a propeller to determine the efliciency consists in submerging the propeller to be tested in a. cir cular tank, ascertaining the velocity of the liquid leaving the propeller, the speed and longitudinal thrust of the propeller and the power delivered to the propeller.

The apparatus with which I carry out the steps of the above outlined method forms a part of my invention and a preferred form is disclosed in the drawings accompanying this application and forming a part thereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a partiallongitudinal section of apparatus embodied in my invention; Fig. 2 1s a contlnuatlon of Fig. '1 and shows the propeller in connection with a fragmental section of the walls of the circular tank; Fig. 3 is a partial plan view of Fig. 1, a part of whic s broken away for convenience of illustration; -F1g. 4 is an end view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a section of a thrust hearing employed in my invention; and, Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the apparatus of my invention, the tank being shown in Ian.

A propeller 5 is secured to a longitu inal shaft 6 which projects through the cylindrical wall 7 of a circular tank 8. The shaft 6 is suitably acked and 'ournaled and projects throng the wall 0 the tank in such a way that the propeller in running in the ahead direction sets up currents in the liquid contained within the tank, which are approximately arallel to the cylindrical wall of the tan ment the liquid circulates around the tank and its velocity can easily be measured, by

any suitable means, as ior example, a paddle wheel placed in the tank and rotatable by the current, said addle wheel bein supplied with a suitab e indicator in an o vious toward the opposite end of the tank.

With such an arranger,

manner. The propeller is always-supplied w1th a suflicient amount of liquid and the tendency is not as in a rectangular tank to move the liquid away from the propeller The shaft 6 is connected by means of suitable coupling 9 to a shaft 10 which is jour naled in suitable bearings and which is provided with a thrust bearing 11 to be he'reinafter described. The shaft 10 is connected to a shaft 12 by means of a flexible joint 13 which permits of relative longitudinal motion between the shafts 10 and 12 and which 1s so arranged that the longitudinal thrust of one shaft will not be transmitted to or affect the operation of the other shaft. t

The shaft 12 overhangs its bearings and the rotor 14 of a turbine is rigidly mounted on the overhanging portion. The turbine rotor is provided, as is customary, with a 7 plurality of rows of moving blades 15which cooperate wlth rowsof vanes 16 which are mounted on a casing 17 which partially incloses the rotor element l l.

The casing 17 is provided with a centrally- 30 located and laterally-projecting spindle 18 which is journaled in a pillow block 19 and which is so arranged that the casing is capable of rotating about its axis. A casing 21 in'closes both the rotor element 14 and the casing 17 and is mounted on the frame portion of the apparatus.

-Motive fluid is admitted to the turbine through a passage 22 formed in the spindle 18 and radially-extending passages 23 formed in the casing 17; and motive fluid is-delivered to the passage 22 by a pipe 24, apassage 25'formed in the pillow block and ports-26 which extend radially through the walls of the spindle 18. Each radially-extending passage 23 communicates at its outer end with a fluid nozzle 27 which delivers fiuid to the cofiperatin'g blades and vanes of the rotor element 14 and casin 17. The stationary casing 21 is provid, with an exhaust port 28 and-the; casing 17 is open at one side to rmit of'an unrestricted flow of motive fluid from the last row of moving blades to the exhaust.

An arm 29 is integrally formed with or rigidly secured to the casing 17 and projects through a slot formed in the casing 21-. a This arm is adapted to be supported, in any suitable way, upon the platform of scales which may be utilized in determining the power delivered to the propeller by the turbine by weighing the reactive torque turning moment of the casing 17,

A worm 30 is provided on theshaft 12 and meshes with a worm wheel 31 which,

7 because of its reduced speed, is adapted to placed by any motor in which the element,

means 0 ordinarily termed the stationary element, may be utilized in determining the torque or turning moment of the rotary element.

The propeller in its operation transmits a longitudinal thrust to its mounting shaft whichit is necessary to determine in computing the etficienc of the propeller. For this reason thesha s 6 and 10 of the apparatus are, longitudinally shiftable through their bearings and the thrust bearing 11 and means for weighing the thrust of the propeller are provided. In Fig. 5 a lon itudinal section of the thrust bearing is s own. Disks 32 are keyed to the shaft I0 and are inclosed. within a casing 33. Disks 34 are mounted on the casing 33 and cooperate with the disks 32 in transmitting the longitudinal thrust of the propeller from the shaft 10 to the casing 33. A system of piping 35 is so connected as to deliver oil, under pressure, between the cotiperatingdisks 32 and 34:. A port 36 is provided at vthe bottom of the casing for draining of the same or permitting of a circulation of oil through the bearing ifitis found desirable. With such an arrangement, the rotating disks 32 transmit the thrust of the ropeller through a thin film of oil to the isks 34 and throughthe disks of the casing 33. Pins. 37 are screwed into the casing 33 and coiiperate with a suitably fulcrumed lever 38, which transmits the thrust of the propeller to the platform 39 of scales utilized for weighing the thrust.

-With such an apparatus the propeller '51 may be driven at any suitable speed, the speed ascertained by means of apparatus driven by the worm wheel 31, the power delivered to the propeller ascertained by means of reactiye force of the stationary element of the driving agent, the longitudinal thrust of the propeller accurately ascertained by the thrust bearing 11 and the cooperating parts, and the ve ocit of the liquidwithin the tank may be ma e apparent.

While l have shown a preferred form-oi apparatus, I do not wish to limit myself to that shown, as the method may be carried out by other means and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

2. A propellertestingapparatus compris-' ing a circular tank in which the propeller to be tested is submerged, whereby 'arcuate currents are set up in the tank, a turbine for driving the propeller, a rotatably mounted casing for said turbine, means for measuring the arcuate currents in said tank, means for measuring the reactive force of said casing to ascertain the power delivered by said turbine, and means for measuring the longitudinal thrust of said propeller;

3. A propeller testing apparatus comprising a circular tank in which the propeller to be tested is submerged, whereby arcuate currents are set up in the tank, a turbine for driving said propeller, and means for ascertaining the power delivered by said turbine by weighing the reactive force of the vane carrying element of said turbine, means for measuring the velocity of the arcuate currents in the tank, and means for measuring the. longitudinal thrust of said. propeller 4. A propeller testing apparatus comprising a circular tank-gin which the propeller to be tested is submerged, whereby arcuate currents are setup in the tank, a motor for driving said propeller and means tor ascertaining the power delivered by said motor by indicating the reactive force of the stationary element of the motor, means for measurin the velocity of the currents in the tank, and means for measuring the longitudinal thrust and the speed of the propeller.

In testimony whereof, lyhave hereunto subscribed my name this twelfth day of No- 

